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DMSO (Dimethyl Sulfoxide)
Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) is a highly polar and water miscible organic liquid. It is essentially odorless, and has a low level of toxicity. As do all dipolar aprotic solvents, DMSO has a relatively high boiling point. Gaylord Chemical Company L.L.C. (GCC) is the world’s leading provider of Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) products.
Since the early 1960’s, the focus of GCC has been on the development of new uses for DMSO. In order to meet customer-specific needs, GCC has pioneered the development of multiple grades of DMSO, including the only DMSO grade that meets USP specifications. The electronics industry values the low-metals grades we produce. Learn more about the grades through the links below.
Procipient® (dimethyl sulfoxide USP, Ph. Eur.): Highly pure grade of DMSO for drug delivery and healthcare applications.
DMSO Anhydrous: An extremely dry grade of DMSO for water sensitive reactions.
DMSO ACS Spectrophotometric: Contains low levels of UV absorbing impurities, for analytical applications.
DMSO ACS Reagent: Grade appropriate for industrial solvent cleaning use.
DMSO PharmaSolvent: The high purity of this product make it solvent of choice for the synthesis of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, and intermediates
DMSO EL 10 / DMSO EL 50: DMSO grades with extremely low metals content. Required in electronic applications such photoresist stripping.
DMSO Enviro-S®: An environmentally friendly alternative for sulfiding applications.
DMSO Industrial: A general purpose grade.
Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) Health and Safety Information
Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) Recovery, System Engineering, and Environmental Considerations
Procipient® (dimethyl sulfoxide USP, Ph. Eur.)
Procipient® is the only grade of DMSO suitable for Healthcare and Drug Delivery applications. Gaylord Chemical’s USP grade is the only DMSO that is manufactured under cGMP conditions, in compliance with API guidelines. Supported by a Drug Master File (DMF) on file with the FDA and Health Canada, the product conforms to both the USP and Ph. Eur. Monographs.
Procipient® is the grade of DMSO required in finished pharmaceutical dosage forms. The FDA CDER Inactive Ingredient Database lists applications for this grade. When the highest purity is required, Gaylord is your best resource.
Pharmaceutical Technology publishes detailed review of FDA regulated applications which incorporate Dimethyl Sulfoxide USP. This paper provides a precedence of use overview for DMSO excipient and active ingredient applications. Access the full-text document free from this link Bulletin 166.
Key Applications for DMSO USP grade
- Excipient in Drug Delivery Applications to enhance the efficacy of therapeutic agents through controlled release.
- As an effective, non-toxic solvent of polymers in Medical Devices.
- Cryopreservation of biological cells in cell culture and drug delivery, as well as storage of human umbilical cord blood, hematopoietic stem cells, and biological tissue.
- Pharmaceutical Active Ingredient in Rimso® 50 solution for intravesicular instillation in the treatment of interstitial cystitis.
Procipient® (dimethyl sulfoxide USP, Ph. Eur.): Representative specification, packaging and basic uses.
Procipient® (dimethyl sulfoxide USP, Ph. Eur.) in Healthcare: Survey of applications in Drug Delivery and Healthcare Applications.
Procipient® (dimethyl sulfoxide USP, Ph. Eur.) in the Pharmaceutical Industry: More about the use of DMSO “From Benchtop to Bedside”.
DMSO Anhydrous
DMSO Anhydrous Grade is Dimethyl Sulfoxide with an extremely low moisture content, produced under exacting manufacturing conditions to ensure dryness.
In certain analytical methods, water offers unwanted interference and can provide spurious information. This is especially true in IR Spectroscopy, wherein a small amount of water can obscure a large portion of the spectrum. In synthesis, DMSO Anhydrous Grade contains less than 50 ppm water, and minimizes losses to side reactions.
Key Applications for DMSO Anhydrous Grade
- Compound Library Management. DMSO Anhydrous Grade may be used to store materials for later testing. The low water levels minimize degradation that may occur through association with water and hydrolysis. Compounds also stay in solution better in dry DMSO.
- Water-Sensitive Compound Synthesis. Water present in DMSO can react with strong bases such as sodium hydride, butyllithium, and alkoxides. This can result in lower yields, and byproduct formation.
- Water-Sensitive Analytical Applications. The potent solvent strength of DMSO makes it a valuable medium for the analysis and characterization of difficult-to-dissolve compounds and polymers.
DMSO Anhydrous Product Sheet: contains a representative specification, packaging options, and basic uses.
DMSO ACS–Spectrophotometric Grade is Dimethyl Sulfoxide that conforms to the American Chemical Society’s (ACS) 9th Edition Specifications for Reagent Chemicals.
In addition to the normal parameters related to purity, this monograph specifies maximum UV absorbance levels at five wavelengths. This grade is the preferred solvent for any form of UV spectrophotometric analysis, due to its guaranteed analytical clarity.
DMSO ACS –Spectrophotometric Grade
- HPLC Mobile Phase Component. The low UV limits of DMSO ACS Spectrophotometric grade result in minimal interference when using UV detectors in HPLC. The polarity of DMSO can be used to modify the solvent strength of HPLC eluent in reverse phase mode.
- General Purpose Analysis Solvent. The nearly universal solvent properties of DMSO allow it to effectively dissolve difficult materials, including many polymers and inorganic materials. DMSO ACS Spectrophotometric grade is suitable for general UV and visible spectrophotometry, IR spectroscopy, and all methods that demand solvent purity and low levels of UV absorbance.
- Solvent for High Throughput Screening of Investigational Compounds. The analytical clarity of this product, along with the ability to readily dissolve a wide range of compounds, make this grade ideal for HTS applications.
DMSO ACS–Spectrophotometric Product Sheet: contains a representative specification, packaging options, and basic uses.
DMSO ACS Reagent
ACS - Reagent Grade is Dimethyl Sulfoxide that conforms to the American Chemical Society’s (ACS) 9th Edition Specifications for Reagent Chemicals. It meets requirements for general solvent use, and is adequate for many basic applications.
Key Applications for DMSO ACS - Reagent Grade
- Analytical Applications wherein UV absorption is not critical. DMSO ACS - Reagent grade may be used as a solvent for non-spectrophotometric methods of analysis. DMSO is miscible with water in all proportions, and is a useful solvent for gas chromatography.
DMSO ACS–Reagent Product Sheet: contains a representative specification, packaging options, and basic uses.
DMSO PharmaSolvent
DMSO PharmaSolvent Grade is produced to an exacting quality standard specifically for the synthesis of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API). DMSO PharmaSolvent Grade simplifies the manufacturing process by contributing minimal process impurities, while providing a predictably low moisture level.
It is the appropriate choice in any chemical synthesis where the final purity of the finished compound is critical.
Key Applications for DMSO PharmaSolvent Grade
- The Finest Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients. A highly pure reaction solvent provides a simpler impurity profile. This can reduce costs associated with impurity identification and make product purification easier.
DMSO PharmaSolvent Product Sheet: contains a representative specification, packaging options, and basic uses.
DMSO EL 10 / DMSO EL 50
EL Grades of DMSO have several functions in the electronics industry. These DMSO products have extremely low metals content, and are essential components in photoresist stripping products during the manufacture of semiconductor devices and TFT-LCD displays.
Key Applications for DMSO EL grades
Thin Film Transistor - Liquid Crystal Display (TFT - LCD) production: as a photoresist stripping reagent during the photolithographic process.
Manufacture of Semiconductors: as a photoresist stripper, and post-etch rinsing solvent.
As a safer alternative to the use of NMP in electronics applications.
DMSO EL-10 / DMSO EL-50 Product Sheet: contains a representative specification, packaging options, and basic uses.
DMSO Enviro-S®
DMSO Enviro-S® is an environmentally-friendly alternative to the use of other sulfur chemicals in catalyst presulfiding, and ethylene furnace passivation. It offers a unique combination of low toxicity, low odor, and high sulfur content for use in the petrochemical industry.
Enviro-S is important in the presulfiding of hydrodenitrification (HDN), Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) and cracking catalysts.
Key Applications for DMSO Enviro-S®
- When low odor is an important operational concern, Enviro-S offers a proven sulfur source without the unpleasant odor of alternative process chemicals.
DMSO Enviro-S® Product Sheet: contains a representative Specification, packaging options, and basic use.
DMSO Bulk Trailer Unloading: bulk handling guidelines.
DMSO Industrial
DMSO Industrial Grade is a technical grade of Dimethyl Sulfoxide, suitable for use in common industrial and “green” solvent cleaning applications, polymer synthesis and processing.
Key Applications for Industrial grade
- General Solvent Cleaning Applications. DMSO is an effective solvent for removing organic materials from equipment lines and manufacturing equipment. DMSO exhibits high solubility for many polymers, and may aid in polymer processing and clean-up.
- Environmentally Friendly Formulated Products. Some examples include paint stripping formulations, nontoxic antifreeze mixtures, and polyurethane cleanup solutions.
- Chemical Processes. Industrial grade DMSO is often sufficient. for manufacturing and processing polymer products.
Describes the basic physical properties of Dimethyl Sulfoxide.
Detailed solubility data for polymers, organics, and API compounds.